constituition.org

Part VI: The States

Articles 152–237

  1. General
  2. Article 152 DefinitionIn this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, the expression “State” 2 [does not include the State of…
  3. The Governor
  4. Article 153 Governors of StatesThere shall be a Governor for each State: [Provided that nothing in this article shall prevent the…
  5. Article 154 Executive power of State(1) The executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor and shall be exercised by him either…
  6. Article 155 Appointment of GovernorThe Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.
  7. Article 156 Term of office of Governor(1) The Governor shall hold office during the pleasure of the President. (2) The Governor may, by writing…
  8. Article 157 Qualifications for appointment as GovernorNo person shall be eligible for appointment as Governor unless he is a citizen of India and has completed…
  9. Article 158 Conditions of Governor’s office(1) The Governor shall not be a member of either House of Parliament or of a House of the Legislature of any…
  10. Article 159 Oath or affirmation by the GovernorEvery Governor and every person discharging the functions of the Governor shall, before entering upon his…
  11. Article 160 Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingenciesThe President may make such provision as he thinks fit for the discharge of the functions of the Governor of…
  12. Article 161 Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain casesThe Governor of a State shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of…
  13. Article 162 Extent of executive power of StateSubject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters…
  14. Council of Ministers
  15. Article 163 Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor(1) There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Chief Minister at the head to aid and advise the Governor…
  16. Article 164 Other provisions as to Ministers(1) The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the…
  17. The Advocate-General for the State
  18. Article 165 Advocate-General for the State(1) The Governor of each State shall appoint a person who is qualified to be appointed a Judge of a High…
  19. Article 166 Conduct of business of the Government of a State(1) All executive action of the Government of a State shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the…
  20. Article 167 Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etcIt shall be the duty of the Chief Minister of each State (a) to communicate to the Governor of the State all…
  21. General
  22. Article 168 Constitution of Legislatures in States(1) For every State there shall be a Legislature which shall consist of the Governor, and (a) in the States…
  23. Article 169 Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States(1) Notwithstanding anything in article 168, Parliament may by law provide for the abolition of the…
  24. Article 170 Composition of the Legislative Assemblies(1) Subject to the provisions of article 333, the Legislative Assembly of each State shall consist of not…
  25. Article 171 Composition of the Legislative Councils(1) The total number of members in the Legislative Council of a State having such a Council shall not exceed…
  26. Article 172 Duration of State Legislatures(1) Every Legislative Assembly of every State, unless sooner dissolved, shall continue for 1 [five years]…
  27. Article 173 Qualification for membership of the State LegislatureA person shall not be qualified to be chosen to fill a seat in the Legislature of a State unless he (a) is a…
  28. Article 174 Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution(1) The Governor shall from time to time summon the House or each House of the Legislature of the State to…
  29. Article 175 Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses(1) The Governor may address the Legislative Assembly or, in the case of a State having a Legislative…
  30. Article 176 Special address by the Governor(1) At the commencement of [the first session after each general election to the Legislative Assembly and at…
  31. Article 177 Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the HousesEvery Minister and the Advocate-General for a State shall have the right to speak in, and otherwise to take…
  32. Officers of the State Legislature
  33. Article 178 The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative AssemblyEvery Legislative Assembly of a State shall, as soon as may be, choose two members of the Assembly to be…
  34. Article 179 Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy SpeakerA member holding office as Speaker or Deputy Speaker of an Assembly (a) shall vacate his office if he ceases…
  35. Article 180 Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker(1) While the office of Speaker is vacant, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy Speaker…
  36. Article 181 The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration(1) At any sitting of the Legislative Assembly, while any resolution for the removal of the Speaker from his…
  37. Article 182 The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative CouncilThe Legislative Council of every State having such Council shall, as soon as may be, choose two members of…
  38. Article 183 Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy ChairmanA member holding office as Chairman or Deputy Chairman of a Legislative Council (a) shall vacate his office…
  39. Article 184 Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman(1) While the office of Chairman is vacant, the duties of the office shall be performed by the Deputy…
  40. Article 185 The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration(1) At any sitting of the Legislative Council, while any resolution for the removal of the Chairman from his…
  41. Article 186 Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy ChairmanThere shall be paid to the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, and to the Chairman…
  42. Article 187 Secretariat of State Legislature(1) The House or each House of the Legislature of a State shall have a separate secretarial staff: Provided…
  43. Conduct of Business
  44. Article 188 Oath or affirmation by membersEvery member of the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council of a State shall, before taking his…
  45. Article 189 Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum(1) Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of a House of the…
  46. Article 190 Vacation of seats(1) No person shall be a member of both Houses of the Legislature of a State and provision shall be made by…
  47. Article 191 Disqualifications for membership(1) A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as, and for being, a member of the Legislative Assembly…
  48. Article 192 Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members(1) If any question arises as to whether a member of a House of the Legislature of a State has become…
  49. Article 193 Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqualifiedIf a person sits or votes as a member of the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council of a State…
  50. Article 194 Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the rules and standing orders regulating the…
  51. Article 195 Salaries and allowances of membersMembers of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council of a State shall be entitled to receive such…
  52. Legislative Procedure
  53. Article 196 Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills(1) Subject to the provisions of articles 198 and 207 with respect to Money Bills and other financial Bills,…
  54. Article 197 Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills(1) If after a Bill has been passed by the Legislative Assembly of a State having a Legislative Council and…
  55. Article 198 Special procedure in respect of Money Bills(1) A Money Bill shall not be introduced in a Legislative Council. (2) After a Money Bill has been passed by…
  56. Article 199 Definition of “Money Bills”(1) For the purposes of this Chapter, a Bill shall be deemed to be a Money Bill if it contains only…
  57. Article 200 Assent to BillsWhen a Bill has been passed by the Legislative Assembly of a State or, in the case of a State having a…
  58. Article 201 Bills reserved for considerationWhen a Bill is reserved by a Governor for the consideration of the President, the President shall declare…
  59. Procedure in Financial Matters
  60. Article 202 Annual financial statement(1) The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House or Houses of the…
  61. Article 203 Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates(1) So much of the estimates as relates to expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund of a State shall…
  62. Article 204 Appropriation Bills(1) As soon as may be after the grants under article 203 have been made by the Assembly, there shall be…
  63. Article 205 Supplementary, additional or excess grants(1) The Governor shall (a) if the amount authorised by any law made in accordance with the provisions of…
  64. Article 206 Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants(1) Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, the Legislative Assembly of a…
  65. Article 207 Special provisions as to financial Bills(1) A Bill or amendment making provision for any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to (f) of…
  66. Procedure Generally
  67. Article 208 Rules of procedure(1) A House of the Legislature of a State may make rules for regulating, subject to the provisions of this…
  68. Article 209 Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial businessThe Legislature of a State may, for the purpose of the timely completion of financial business, regulate by…
  69. Article 210 Language to be used in the Legislature(1) Notwithstanding anything in Part XVII, but subject to the provisions of article 348, business in the…
  70. Article 211 Restriction on discussion in the LegislatureNo discussion shall take place in the Legislature of a State with respect to the conduct of any Judge of the…
  71. Article 212 Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature(1) The validity of any proceedings in the Legislature of a State shall not be called in question on the…
  72. Legislative Power of the Governor
  73. Article 213 Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature(1) If at any time, except when the Legislative Assembly of a State is in session, or where there is a…
  74. The High Courts in the States
  75. Article 214 High Courts for StatesThere shall be a High Court for each State.
  76. Article 215 High Courts to be courts of recordEvery High Court shall be a court of record and shall have all the powers of such a court including the…
  77. Article 216 Constitution of High CourtsEvery High Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and such other Judges as the President may from time to…
  78. Article 217 Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court(1) Every Judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal 4[on…
  79. Article 218 Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High CourtsThe provisions of clauses (4) and (5) of article 124 shall apply in relation to a High Court as they apply…
  80. Article 219 Oath or affirmation by Judges of High CourtsEvery person appointed to be a Judge of a High Court shall, before he enters upon his office, make and…
  81. Article 220 Restriction on practice after being a permanent JudgeNo person who, after the commencement of this Constitution, has held office as a permanent Judge of a High…
  82. Article 221 Salaries, etc., of Judges(1) There shall be paid to the Judges of each High Court such salaries as may be determined by Parliament by…
  83. Article 222 Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another(1) The President may, 1[on the recommendation of the National Judicial Appointments Commission referred to…
  84. Article 223 Appointment of acting Chief JusticeWhen the office of Chief Justice of a High Court is vacant or when any such Chief Justice is, by reason of…
  85. Article 224 Appointment of additional and acting Judges(1) If by reason of any temporary increase in the business of a High Court or by reason of arrears of work…
  86. Article 224A Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High CourtsNotwithstanding anything in this Chapter, 4[the National Judicial Appointments Commission on a reference…
  87. Article 225 Jurisdiction of existing High CourtsSubject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate…
  88. Article 226 Power of High Courts to issue certain writs(1) Notwithstanding anything in article 32, every High Court shall have power, throughout the territories in…
  89. Article 226A Constitutional validity of Central laws not to be considered in proceedings under article 226Omitted by amendment.
  90. Article 227 Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court(1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all courts and tribunals throughout the territories in…
  91. Article 228 Transfer of certain cases to High CourtIf the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial…
  92. Article 228A Special provisions as to disposal of questions relating to constitutional validity of State lawsOmitted by amendment.
  93. Article 229 Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts(1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or…
  94. Article 230 Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories(1) Parliament may by law extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to, or exclude the jurisdiction of a High…
  95. Article 231 Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding provisions of this Chapter, Parliament may by law…
  96. Article 232 InterpretationOmitted by amendment.
  97. Subordinate Courts
  98. Article 233 Appointment of district judges(1) Appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be…
  99. Article 233A Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc., delivered by, certain district judgesNotwithstanding any judgment, decree or order of any court, (a) (i) no appointment of any person already in…
  100. Article 234 Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial serviceAppointments of persons other than district judges to the judicial service of a State shall be made by the…
  101. Article 235 Control over subordinate courtsThe control over district courts and courts subordinate thereto including the posting and promotion of, and…
  102. Article 236 InterpretationIn this Chapter (a) the expression “district judge” includes judge of a city civil court, additional…
  103. Article 237 Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistratesThe Governor may by public notification direct that the foregoing provisions of this Chapter and any rules…
Read Part VI in the whole Constitution