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Fundamental duties

51A. Fundamental duties.

It shall be the duty of every citizen of India—


(a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;

(b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;

(c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;

(d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;

(e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and
 regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the
 dignity of women;

(f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;

(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living
 creatures;

(h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;

(i) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

(j) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and  collective activity so that the nation 
constantly rises to higher levels of
 endeavour and achievement;

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(k) who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case 
may be, ward between the age of
 six and fourteen years.]